◆ The American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgeons ◆ The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons ◆ International Society of University Colon and Rectal Surgeons ◆ Colorectal Surgical Society of Australasia ◆ The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland ◆ European Association of Coloproctology ◆ Canadian Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons ◆ Society of Coloproctology of Yugoslavia ◆ Mediterranean Society of Coloproctology